How Does Vade Mecum II Work?

How Does Vade Mecum II Work?Vade mecum is a very effective way to get students through essay topics because it allows them to read and evaluate the entire essay topic before they begin. This helps the student learn about the topic, reading about it and analyzing it.This method is very effective in getting students through essay topics because it allows them to evaluate their own essays. The essay will contain a lot of facts and information that they must review. With VMC you can start your evaluation right away and get the assignment done in a short period of time. This is a unique method and gives students an extra boost for completing assignments quickly.You can customize VMC to suit your students and their writing styles. You can start by using the format that suits your student the best. Then you can modify the template to fit your students requirements.The most important thing with VMC is that you are doing an evaluation on a topic instead of just assigning it to students. You c an check and review the questions and answers to ensure that they are very easy to understand. This way you are able to determine the correct answer without any doubts.To make the assessment process quick and easy, you should plan in advance where you want to post IB feedback. You can post the links to your website or blog or even attach the syllabus with your template. This will make it easy for your students to write their essay and to take notes from the assignments.IB feedback also allows you to collect feedback from your students for improvements. This will help you in enhancing the quality of your IB courses. By making this mandatory, you can improve the quality of your courses as well as your IB experience.You can easily use IB questions to gauge the speed of your students in answering them. You can also make use of your students' essays to make use of the ideas they are providing to you. You can also use this to make revisions to your essay topics so that you can make change s accordingly.IB feedback will give you information that you can use to improve your IB course. It can also be used to create more interactive tutorials for your students so that they learn to interact better with you. The feedback will also give you an idea about how your students are responding to the lessons that you are teaching them.

How Weather Influences Economy free essay sample

How weather influences the economy? A nd how can we reduce its impact? study the link between weather and stock compares during 50 years the Dow Jones Industrial Average index and the daily cloudiness. The result is; there is a positive relationship. But how is that possible? Investors should not be impartial? I did not expected that when I give money to my bank, an investor could be influenced by a sunbeam. A possible explanation is that is the entry of sunshine periods who can be more optimistically when they are in a good mood which can results of the weather. So they can change stock prices, and affect all the market. Among other things, to reduce influence of routine weather variations on the economy, French Government set up controlled sales. French sales, are very controlled , it is during specific dates, and concerns only unsold clothes during a period. This reduces the influence of climatic on an example. We will write a custom essay sample on How Weather Influences Economy? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 2010, during all july. If spring and beginning of summer were cooler than expected, it would reduce shopping. So by decreasing prices, it could bring back customers in malls and increase consumption. This is an incentive policy to reduce influence of routine weather. An other way to reduce influence of routine weather, is to apply the idioms :  «do not put all your eggs in one basket ». For example, if I am the owner of a beer bar, my yield depends on sunshine. So if i want to redu hot chocolate. By this way, you reduce the weather influences, and sales during the all year are constant. However, we can not always diversify its business, for example in a theme park during a raining week, it is very difficult to attract clients, they will prefer to wait for next week.So it could be a good idea for them to get an insurance, or as we introduced this article they could buy a weather derivatives (or futures). Weather derivatives are financial instruments that can be used to reduce risk In 1999, the CME (Chicago Mercantile Exchange) introduced the first exchange-traded weather futures contracts on the market. Indeed, the benefit of futures contracts is to protect its market against the involved variable exemple futures. So why CME introduced financial instruments that can be used to reduce risk associated with weather?Because Weather influences us, indeed psychology literature has long established the effect of weather on mood. It is a known fact the economy in a country whereas routine lightly, to consumption. While comparing the consumption of beers during a year, we notice that it increases from winter to summer period by 25%. On the contrary, purchasing movie tickets decrease by about 20%. It is a perfect example to see how weather influence the demand of two goods. As we study the impact of routine weather, we know that weather does not change anything in hop agricultur and movies.So it only influences the demand. Hops farmers and movie directors had better pray to get an ideal weather if they want to succeed in their business. Indeed, the study, led by the NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) pointed out that every sector of the economy is sensitive to changes in the routine weather(2). It has a bigger impact than everyone thought, the economic cost of weather amounts to 485$ billion in USA each year which is 3. 4% of united states GDP (gross domestic product). As Jeffrey Lazo, an economist says that :  «It is clear that our economy is not weatherproof ».

Explain how the body obtains energy from fat, carbohydrates and proteins The WritePass Journal

Explain how the body obtains energy from fat, carbohydrates and proteins Introduction Explain how the body obtains energy from fat, carbohydrates and proteins Introduction Nutrients to Energy- Three Main Stages ConclusionRelated Introduction All living things requires energy to stay warm (mammals in this case) and to carry out other life process i.e. maintenance, growth, movement, daily activities etc. All of the dietary energy in humans is obtained from the main food sources including carbohydrates, fat and proteins. These major food types are also known as macronutrients and each has its own energy content that provides energy by breaking their chemical bond energy in food molecules. Sugars and fat generate higher energy levels than proteins in non photosynthetic organisms. Fat provide far more energy per gram than carbohydrate or protein for example carbohydrate and protein provides 16.8 KJ/g whereas fat provides 37.8 kJ of energy per gram. Metabolism a set of chemical reaction plays an important role in providing energy that helps an organism to maintain life. Metabolic process is organised in different pathways that leads a chemical reaction to another through the help of enzymes and coenzymes. The breakdown of food molecules leads to a process known as oxidative phosphorylation that occurs in mitochondria. This process is essential for providing Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a primary source of energy for cellular activities. As the metabolic pathway is organised in to different stages, each stage should be explored in details to understand the process. Hence these stages will be explored later in the essay to answer the essay question in full. Nutrients to Energy- Three Main Stages The macronutrients presented in our food are the main source of energy for our body and all three nutrients must be broken down into smaller molecules before the cells can utilize them to produce energy. The breakdown of the larger molecules and oxidisation of those molecules are known as catabolism. The breakdown happens in digestion system where the breakdown is relatively similar for each nutrient. Specialised enzymes, a catalyst, digest specific polymers into monomers, for instant protease are specialised to catabolise proteins into amino acid and glycoside hydrolases turn polysaccharides into monosaccharides and fats are hydrolysed into fatty acids and glycerol by lipase. Oxidation of these molecules occurs once the small subunits are filtered into the cytosol of a cell through an active transport protein. Glycolysis reaction, which happens under anaerobic conditions, is a metabolic pathway that takes placehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis inside all living cells. Glycolysis breaks sugar molecules glucose, a 6 carbon atom, and fructose into two pyruvate molecules, that contains 3 carbon atoms in each molecule. A difference exists during the combustion of carbohydrate molecule that can occur anaerobically while this is not true for the other two macronutrients. The transformation of glucose into pyruvate happens in 10 different stages. Each stage has a different enzyme to catalyse 10 different sugar molecules. In the first 5 stages, called preparatory phase, two molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule are used to provide energy to drive the reaction. At the start of last five stages known as pay off phase 2 NAD+ and GAPDH enzyme turn the NAD+ into a NADH molecule by pulling off a hydrogen molecule from GAPDH, two H+ are also produced at this stage. At the end of the stages two NADH are given and four ATP molecules are given from ADP plus P1. The resulted pyruvate proceeds to mitochondria from cytosol to lose two carbon dioxide molecules and change to two carbon acetyl group that joins with coenzyme A to produce acetyl CoA before it enters the citric acid cycle. Triglycerides, main form of fat, are oxidised in order to break them into smaller units such as fatty acid and glycerol inside the cytoplasm. Fatty acids are activated in cytoplasm before they enter cytosol, a same medium for glucose to citric acid. The activation must be done before the oxidation of fatty acid begins. During the activation, fatty acids change to fatty acyl CoA and ATP turns into AMP. Glycerol is transmitted to the glycolysis while the fatty acids are oxidised through beta-oxidation inside the mitochondria. There are four main enzymes located in mitochondria, therefore a series of four stages occur that convert acyl CoA to acetyl CoA. Two molecules of carbon from an acyl CoA is shortened at each stage to create a molecule of acetyl CoA and a molecule of NADH and FADH2. The resulted acetyl CoA is passed to the citric acid cycle and NADH plus FADH is entered into the electron transport chain. Proteins consist of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Although carbohydrates and proteins hold a similar structure but there is still a difference among their structure. Carbohydrates are made out of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen while protein has an addition of nitrogen and sulfur. Nitrogen is responsible for the creation of essential amino acids. There are all together 20 essential amino acids that build all body cells in animals. Body cell metabolise amino acids into fats or glycogen if excessive proteins are consumed in human diet. The breakdown of proteins to amino acids through digestion opens the path to energy metabolism of proteins. If amino acids are used to generate energy it must be done through deamination process where amino acids are broken into their constituent parts. Vitamin B6 associate with its enzyme in transamination cause nitrogen to transfer to a kito acid causing amino acid to lose its nitrogen and amino group. Ammonia is synthesised when amino acid in transformed to L glutamate through transamination process. Ammonia produces urea that travels through the blood to the kidney and excreted in urine. Now that urea is removed from the process the carbon skeleton of amino acids can be used in different ways i.e. for protein synthesis or ATP formation. Carbon skeleton can also be stored, mainly in livers, as glucose by gluconeogenesis. This starts by converting carbon skeleton into acetyl CoA so that the coenzyme can be transmitted to the citric acid cycle where acetyl CoA is oxidised to generate ATP. Gluconeogenesis (a metabolic pathway) aims to form glucose from using non carbohydrate carbon substrate including glycerol, glycogenic amino acid. The resulted glucose can be converted to glucose 6 phosphates from phosphoenolpyruvate. The end product is pyruvate; notice the end product of glucose in glycolysis is same. The process requires energy in order to provide energy during starvation in fasting or extreme exercise. Citric acid cycle (also known as Kerb’s cycle) is a chain of eight reaction taking place in mitochondria. It is true for each macronutrient to go through this chain of cycle and the oxidation on all of the acetyl CoA carbons entered from different nutrients is similar. This is an important stage as most of the energy produced in mitochondria happens after this cycle is completed to produce molecule carrying electrons. The carbon present in acetyl CoA is fully oxidised to a COÂ ­2 molecule during this reaction. Acetyl CoA filters its two carbon molecules to critic acid cycle and a reaction between acetyl and oxaloacetate produce citrate in the first chain of the cycle. Activated carrier molecules are generated from the oxidation of citrate molecules. Every cycle generates 3 NADH molecules, 1 GTP molecule and 1 FADH2 molecule. Two molecules of COÂ ­2 are given off as waste. The NADH and FADH2 molecules carry hydrogen and electrons which then proceeds to an oxidative phosphoryl ation process. The oxidative phosphorylation provides most of the energy in the whole system. The cycle does not require oxygen to carry out the process but the oxidisation of pyruvate requires oxygen. Hence the cycle works under the aerobic condition. The next and final step occurs along an electron transport chain in the mitochondrion inner membrane. The electron transport chain structure in four different proteins consists of five complexes. The high energy electrons from reduced electron carriers, NADH and FADH2, are bombarded to the electron transport chain where the electron moves from an electron donor to a terminal electron acceptor. These electrons are added to the NADH and FADH2 molecules in the citric acid cycle. The electrons from NADH enters complex I where it’s oxidised back to NAD+. Therefore one electron is captured and joins a proton to form a Hydrogen atom and one electron is lost during NADH losses its hydrogen. The electron from the hydrogen carries onto next stage while the proton moves back the inner membrane after the production of FMN to FMNH2. The electron in last complex embeds to the molecules of O2 gas and combines to two H+ to produce water H2O. While the electrons travel through these four complexes and provides enough energy to pump H+ ions (protons) outside the inner membrane. The concentration gradient of H+ is gained due to the movement of these protons. This gradient stores energy that is sufficient for the production of ATP by phosphorylation of ADP. This process is known as oxidative phosphorylation where the electron is in its lowest form of energy therefore all the energy from the food molecules are oxidised to synthesis enormous amount of ATP. There are approximately 30 molecules of ATP gained after the complete oxidation per molecule of glucose or fatty acids or amino acids to H2O and CO2. Complete combustion of proteins also produces NH3 as waste products. Conclusion As the essay reaches its conclusion we can suggest that these macronutrients follow a similar pathway to generate ATP. Although the means of getting to the citric acid cycle for each macronutrient is different i.e. fat must be activated before it enters cytosol whereas protein goes through deamination process, not true for either glucose or fat. Also the function of glucose and protein is quiet different glucose only provide energy to the cells but proteins can participate in protein synthesis to formation of enzymes and carry important materials through the body etc. Molecular Biology of the Cell 4th edition, Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. New York: Garland Science; 2002.

On DQ1Diversification and Based on DQ2 PepsiCo Essay

On DQ1Diversification and Based on DQ2 PepsiCo - Essay Example One of the reasons for the success of this company has been its ability to innovate. Innovation has helped the company create thousands of consumer products. It is important for companies such as P&G to create products that meet the needs, expectations, and desires of its customer base. â€Å"Effective business communication requires a certain skill set to determine the customer needs and then deliver on that information† (Highprofitsmarketing, 2013). When companies ignore the fact that satisfying the needs of the customers is of top priority they often struggle maintaining a high customer retention rate. It is important for companies that use diversification to add product lines that are aligned with the strengths of the firm. Another example of a company that implemented a diversification strategy was Microsoft with its successful entrance into the gaming industry. The XBOX 360 has taken a lot of market share away from Nintendo. Technological products are susceptible to being influence by innovation. An example of a technological product that has been constantly innovating is Apple’s iPhone. In six years the company has launched five versions of the product. All new versions have new innovative features. Innovation is often also found in luxury products. PepsiCo is the 2nd largest player in the soda beverage industry. The company is behind the industry leader Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola has historically done a better job at marketing its brand globally which has helped the company maintain a higher customer retention rate. â€Å"One of the most important metrics to measuring your customer retention is your retention rate† (Newnorth, 2013). Pepsi has to do a better job at marketing its brand in order to gain the global recognition that Coca-Cola has achieved. A factor that differentiates both companies is the fact that Coca-Cola has greater popularity among international consumers. I think that

Renewable Energy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Renewable Energy - Research Paper Example This has led to establishment of measures to switch to renewable energy sources like wind and photovoltaic electricity. These renewable sources are clean and also maintainable considering that they do not emit gases or toxic that can pollute the environment. Some sources like wind are plentiful, easily affordable, require less maintenance and cannot get exhausted. These renewable sources can be established in rural areas and therefore this encourages establishment of industries in those areas. Wind energy convertors have a strong inbuilt framework that enable them to convert the free moving air which has kinetic energy to rotational movement whereby then it can make the generator to start working-mechanical energy (David, 2009). This is through the friction of the rotating wind and the wind turbine blades. However, before any electricity is generated there are stages that are involved. The first stage is the stage of revolution. In this stage, the blades are made with certain dimensions to help harness as much free moving air as possible. They should be able to rotate easily and should have a considerable length of about forty meters. They should also be placed in certain degrees depending on the direction of the wind. The blades are able to rotate because of the two main forces that are involved. The first one is the drag force which is horizontal to the wind direction and the lift force which is vertical to the direction of wind (David, 2009). These forces depend on the shape of the rotating blades and the angle in which the wind meets the blade. Either of these blades can be used to propel the blade. It is important to note most of the Wind Energy Converts depend mainly on the lift force. All this is illustrated in the diagrams below. The blades rotate on a rotor which is connected to the shaft. The rotor then makes the generator to convert the waves to electricity. This stage is referred to as the mechanical stage. The wind turbine should be

Discuss the importance of dreams Essay Example for Free

Discuss the importance of dreams Essay He compares them with other people who had dreams of owning a farm. I see hundred of men come by on the road an on the ranches ; an every damn one of em got a little piece of land in his head. An never God damn one of em ever gets it. He believes Lennie is crazy. Notice that unlike the other workers, Crooks job is stable and secure. When Candy comes in and starts talking about the dream and how they have most of the money for the dream, he changes his mind and wants to be a part of it want a hand to work for nothing-just his keep, why Id come an lend a hand. I aint so crippled I cant work like a son-of-a-bitch if I want to. And because of this, his confidence has built up and feels he can do anything. Curleys wife comes in into the scene and reduces Crooks confidence by saying she is going to put him into trouble. She feels she is better than him because of his colour. Well, you keep your place then, Nigger. I could get you strung up on the tree so easy it aint even funny And this makes Crooks lose all hope of becoming a part of the dream because he thinks that is the way George and Lennie will possibly treat him when he works on the farm. well jus forget it, I didnt mean it. Jus foolin. I wouldnt want to go no place like that. Notice what Crooks says about people having dreams but not being able to fulfil them, he knows that people have other priorities and problems and the dream only remains a dream. This reflects on what Lennie does and how the dream is destroyed. Curleys wife also had a dream but her dream was unlike the other characters that had dreams. Her dream was to become a famous actress and be in the cinemas, and she believes everything other people tell her about her talent Coulda been in the movies, an had nice clothes an had pitchers taken of me She confessed to Lennie that she did not like her husband Curley and that she just married him to get away from her boring life because she thought getting married would provide new experiences for her So I married Curley. Met him out to the Riverside Dance Palace that same night. She has this dream because the people in the movies had a life of glamour and she wanted to live like that. She also has this dream because she is not treated fairly on the ranch and has no-one to talk to (apart from Curley) Aint I got a right to talk to nobody? Whatta they think I am, anyways? So because of this, she is always seeking attention in the wrong places which eventually lead to her death. Her dream was shattered when she let Lennie stroke her hair. In death, she look very peaceful unlike when she was alive and had problems. The characters of the book Of Mice and Men have dreams at some time of their life. They have these dreams so as to escape the hardship of life in the 1930s. They also had dreams for the urge for something good that could make them feel very good about themselves. Some of the dreams maybe were not meant to come true (Curleys wifes dream) but we come to see how close George and Lennie come to achieving theirs. If Curleys wife didnt seek for attention and Lennie did not have the fascination for soft things, they would have had the chance to have another way of life. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Steinbeck section.

Conduct Unbecoming by Barry England :: Conduct Unbecoming Military England Essays

Conduct Unbecoming by Barry England Conduct Unbecoming revolves around two important yet very different characters; Drake and Millington. They are both new to the army but have very different views of the regiment. When they first enter ‘the mess’ Drake looks about ‘as a man finally at peace’ Whereas Millington looks with gloom. Drake starts ‘Exactly as I imagined it would be’ whereas Millington launches straight into sarcasm with ‘how very uplifting for you.’ He makes a point that the place ‘haunted his childhood’, showing us that not only does he hate it but he has also been there before. We now know that he already has some connection with the regiment. When Drake says ‘it is like†¦coming home’ Millington replies with ‘isn’t it, though?’ We then find out that Millington’s father was in fact the colonel of the regiment until 1881. Drake obviously is in awe of the regiment and couldn’t be happier that h e’s there. He tells Millington ‘You will find only military honours here. These are past colonels and holders of the Victoria Cross. That is the regimental tradition.’ This shows how dedicated he is (that he’s learnt all this.) He then comments in a rather snobby way ‘I think I should warn you Millington, that while I might, through force of circumstance, tolerate your imbecilities throughout our voyage together, you will find that they are not appreciated here’. Millington then tells Drake â€Å"I have no intention whatever of surviving my probationary period. There is a ship, the Doric castle, which sails for England in almost exactly three months to the day from now. I intend to be on her.† Showing that not only does Millington dislike the place but he has already got a plan, how he is going to get out of the regiment. We discover when Millington comments to Pradah Singh (the waiter) â€Å"I fancy I could do great service to a large whiskey and soda†¦Ã¢â‚¬  showing that he likes his drink, Drake quickly remarks â€Å"We may neither order nor accept drinks until we are properly introduced into the mess.† Drake is showing Pradah Singh how responsible he is and that he has really studied the rules of the regiment. When at last the Junior Sub arrives he asks if they Drake and Millington would like a drink. Millington jumps in with â€Å"†¦Just anything. I’m about to expire.† (More evidence that he likes to drink regularly) but Drake saves him by sucking up to the Junior Sub, saying â€Å"My companion is joking of course.